Pleural effusion is a condition in which there is fluid in the chest cavity that should not exist (there is normally very little fluid as a lubricant), where the fluid will suppress lung and heart that will cause shortness.
Symptoms
- Shortness of breath that is increasingly severe, usually felt on one side.
- cough
- Sometimes accompanied by chest pain
- Stomach feel full / bloated
- Some patients hear the sound of moving water when the whisk.
How does this happen?
Pleural effusion occurs because: An imbalance between the production and disposal of the lubricating fluid, so fluid accumulates.
Some diseases that often cause complications pleural effusion is:
- Pulmonary TB
- Lung tumors
- Hypo-albumin, a state in which the albumin / protein in blood is very low such as in cirrhosis of the liver disease, kidney failure, etc..
- Heart failure
- Breast tumor
- Ovarian cysts
- etc..
What danger??
- Although not including gravity, in most cases, the fluid should be removed because:
- Polynomial, so that pressing the lungs, disrupting breathing and encourage the heart (cardiac pump is compromised, it can be fatal).
- The fluid can harden / solidify (organization) that reduced lung volume, (tightness) and cause permanent disability which continues to appear on x-rays.
- If infected, the liquid turns into pus. This became another disease that is empyema, different handling.
- If the liquid is in the form of blood, for example due to an accident, his name: haemothorax, need immediate attention.
Nursing Diagnosis for Pleural Effusion
Analysis can be expressions of the nursing diagnoses that include:
- Ineffective airway clearance related to decreased lung expansion.
- Fluid volume deficit related to diaphoresis.
- Activity Intolerance related to dyspenia and fatigue
Nursing Interventions for Pleural Effusion
1). Ineffective airway clearance related to decreased lung expansion.
Goal: a patent airway / inadequate
Nursing Intervention:
- Give oxygenation in accordance with the program.
- Provide a comfortable sleeping position.
- Monitor vital signs.
- Teach effective cough.
- Teach resistant chest when coughing.
2). Fluid volume deficit related to diaphoresis
Goal: balance of body fluids
Nursing Intervention:
- Vital signs every 6 hours.
- Compress with warm water.
- Record intake and output.
- Collaboration with doctors for antibiotics.
3). Activity Intolerance related to dyspnea and fatigue
Goal: clients obtain energy
Nursing Intervention:
- Assess the activity patterns.
- Limit activity.
- Aids to overcome weaknesses.
- Schedule breaks.
- Physiotherapy consultation.
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