Cause
Mainly due to high eye pressure (normal value: 10-22 mmHg)
Risk Factors
- Age over 40 years.
- Families who have suffered from glaucoma.
- History of trauma to the eye.
- Myopia (nearsightedness)
- Hypermetropia (farsightedness)
- Have systemic disease (diabetes, heart disease)
- The use of drugs (steroids)
- Cataracts.
Chronic glaucoma :
- Nerve damage occurs slowly.
- Painless.
- Narrowing the field of vision is not realized.
- Permanent blindness.
- Commonly called thief of sight.
Acute glaucoma
- Due to the sudden eye pressure high.
- Severe headache.
- Nausea vomiting
- Red eye
- Blurred vision
- Rainbow appear when viewing the lights.
- If not promptly treated, it will cause blindness.
Congenital glaucoma
- In infants or children
- Very rare
- Congenital abnormality
- Eyeball bigger than normal
- Cornea is not clear
- Watery eyes
- Afraid to see the light
Complication
Blindness occurs that can not be cured but can be prevented.
Prevention
- Regular eye examinations, especially over the age of 40 years.
- Regular control for patients with glaucoma.
Treatment
- Lowering drugs eye pressure, is used regularly and continuously to prevent further damage to the optic nerve.
- Surgery or laser to create a new channel in order to decrease eye pressure.
5 Nursing Diagnosis for Glaucoma
- Disturbed Sensory Perception
- Anxiety
- Acute pain
- Disturbed Body Image
- Self-care Deficit
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