Assessment and Nursing Diagnosis for UTI

Urinary Tract Infection

Urinary tract infection is the development of microorganisms in the urinary tract, but under normal circumstances does not contain bacteria, viruses, or other microorganisms. Urinary tract infections can occur anywhere, from the urethra, uterus bladder, ureters (fibromuskuler channel that drains urine from the kidney to the urinary contents) or kidney.

Symptoms of Urinary Tract Infection

• Frequent urination along with the feeling of need to urinate even though there may be a little urine to pass.
• Nocturia: Need to urinate at night.
• Urethritis: Discomfort, irritation or pain in meatus or a burning sensation along anyway urethra with urination (dysuria).
• Pain in the midline suprapubic region.
• Pyuria: Pus in urine or urethral discharge.
• Hematuria: Blood in the urine (not always visible to the eye, but often revealed during urine tests).
• Pyrexia: Mild fever
• Cloudy and foul-smelling urine

Nursing Assessment of Urinary Tract Infection

1. Physical examination : do head to toe
2. History or presence of risk factors :

• Is there a history of previous infections ?
• Is there a history of obstruction of the urinary tract ?

3. The presence of factors predisposing patients to nosocomial infections .

• What about mounting folley catheter ?
• Immobilization in a long time ?
• Is urinary incontinence occurs ?

4. Assessment of clinical manifestations of urinary tract infections

• How voiding pattern ? to detect the occurrence of UTI predisposing factors (encouragement, frequency, and amount)
• Is there dysuria ?
• Is there urgency ?
• Is there hesitancy ?
• Is there a pungent smell of urine ?
• How orine output of volume, color ( grayish ) and the concentration of urine ?
• Is there a suprapubic pain - usually on lower urinary tract infection ?
• Are there any pelvic pain or waist - usually the upper urinary tract infection ?
• Increased body temperature is usually in the upper urinary tract infections.

5. Psychological assessment of patients :
How feelings toward patients and treatment outcome measures that have been done ?
Is there any sense of shame or fear of recurrence of the disease.


Nursing Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infection

1. Impaired sense of comfort: Acute Pain related to inflammation and infection of the urethra, bladder and other urinary tract structures.

2. Altered Urinary Elimination related to mechanical obstruction of the bladder or other urinary tract structures.

3. Deficient Knowledge: about condition, prognosis, and treatment needs related to lack of resources.